As discussed in the last article, Project management is achieved through the appropriate application and integration of the 42 47 management processes, which are grouped under 5 process groups and 9 knowledge areas 10 knowledge areas.

The 5 process groups are listed below:

1. Initiating: Begins with the project; Processes are performed in the Initiating proces group to define a new project or a news phase of an existing project.
2. Planning: Processes in the Planning group establish the scope of the project and define the course of action required to attain the project's objectives
3. Executing: Processes in the Executing group are performed to complete the work as specified in the Project Management Plan
4. Monitoring & Controlling: Processes track, review and regulate the progress and performance of the project.
5. Closing: Ends the project; Processes are performed to formally the close the project or a phase.

All these five process groups have individual processes that collectively make up the group. The process groups are overlapping activities that occur throughout the project. The process groups are independent of application areas. Please take note that Process groups are not project phases.